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<art>
   <ui>1687-1812-2008-856145</ui>
   <ji>1687-1812</ji>
   <fm>
      <dochead>Research Article</dochead>
      <bibl>
         <title>
            <p>Convergence Theorems of Fixed Points for a Finite Family of Nonexpansive Mappings in Banach Spaces</p>
         </title>
         <aug>
            <au id="A1" ca="yes"><snm>Cho</snm><fnm>YeolJe</fnm><insr iid="I1"/><email>yjcho@gsnu.ac.kr</email></au>
            <au id="A2"><snm>Kang</snm><fnm>ShinMin</fnm><insr iid="I2"/><email>smkang@nogae.ac.kr</email></au>
            <au id="A3"><snm>Qin</snm><fnm>Xiaolong</fnm><insr iid="I2"/><email>qxlxajh@163.com</email></au>
         </aug>
         <insg>
            <ins id="I1"><p>Department of Mathematics and RINS, Gyeongsang National University, Chinju 660-701, South Korea</p></ins>
            <ins id="I2"><p>Department of Mathematics Education and RINS, Gyeongsang National University, Chinju 660-701, South Korea</p></ins>
         </insg>
         <source>Fixed Point Theory and Applications</source>
         <issn>1687-1812</issn>
         <pubdate>2008</pubdate>
         <volume>2008</volume>
         <issue>1</issue>
         <fpage>856145</fpage>
         <url>http://www.fixedpointtheoryandapplications.com/content/2008/1/856145</url>
         <xrefbib><pubid idtype="doi">10.1155/2008/856145</pubid></xrefbib>
      </bibl>
      <history><rec><date><day>21</day><month>10</month><year>2007</year></date></rec><acc><date><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2007</year></date></acc><pub><date><day>23</day><month>12</month><year>2007</year></date></pub></history>
      <cpyrt><year>2008</year><collab>The Author(s).</collab><note>This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</note></cpyrt>
      <abs>
         <sec>
            <st>
               <p/>
            </st>
            <p>We modify the normal Mann iterative process to have strong convergence for a finite family nonexpansive mappings in the framework of Banach spaces without any commutative assumption. Our results improve the results announced by many others.</p>
         </sec>
      </abs>
   </fm>
   <bdy>
      <sec>
         <st>
            <p>1. Introduction and Preliminaries</p>
         </st>
         <p>Throughout this paper, we assume that <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i1.gif"/></inline-formula> is a real Banach space with the normalized duality mapping <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i2.gif"/></inline-formula> from <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i3.gif"/></inline-formula> into <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i4.gif"/></inline-formula> give by </p>
         <p>
            <display-formula id="M11">
               <graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i5.gif"/>
            </display-formula>
         </p>
         <p>where <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i6.gif"/></inline-formula> denotes the dual space of <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i7.gif"/></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i8.gif"/></inline-formula> denotes the generalized duality pairing. We assume that <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i9.gif"/></inline-formula> is a nonempty closed convex subset of <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i10.gif"/></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i11.gif"/></inline-formula> a mapping. A point <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i12.gif"/></inline-formula> is a fixed point of <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i13.gif"/></inline-formula> provided <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i14.gif"/></inline-formula>. Denote by <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i15.gif"/></inline-formula> the set of fixed points of <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i16.gif"/></inline-formula>, that is, <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i17.gif"/></inline-formula>. Recall that <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i18.gif"/></inline-formula> is nonexpansive if <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i19.gif"/></inline-formula> for all <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i20.gif"/></inline-formula></p>
         <p>One classical way to study nonexpansive mappings is to use contractions to approximate a nonexpansive mapping (see [<abbr bid="B1">1</abbr>, <abbr bid="B2">2</abbr>]). More precisely, take <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i21.gif"/></inline-formula> and define a contraction <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i22.gif"/></inline-formula> by </p>
         <p>
            <display-formula id="M12">
               <graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i23.gif"/>
            </display-formula>
         </p>
         <p>where <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i24.gif"/></inline-formula> is a fixed point. Banach's contraction mapping principle guarantees that <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i25.gif"/></inline-formula> has a unique fixed point <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i26.gif"/></inline-formula> in <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i27.gif"/></inline-formula>. It is unclear, in general, what is the behavior of <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i28.gif"/></inline-formula> as <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i29.gif"/></inline-formula> even if <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i30.gif"/></inline-formula> has a fixed point. However, in the case of <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i31.gif"/></inline-formula> having a fixed point, Browder [<abbr bid="B1">1</abbr>] proved that if <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i32.gif"/></inline-formula> is a Hilbert space, then <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i33.gif"/></inline-formula> converges strongly to a fixed point of <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i34.gif"/></inline-formula> that is nearest to <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i35.gif"/></inline-formula>. Reich [<abbr bid="B2">2</abbr>] extended Broweder's result to the setting of Banach spaces and proved that if <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i36.gif"/></inline-formula> is a uniformly smooth Banach space, then <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i37.gif"/></inline-formula> converges strongly to a fixed point of <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i38.gif"/></inline-formula> and the limit defines the (unique) sunny nonexpansive retraction from <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i39.gif"/></inline-formula> onto <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i40.gif"/></inline-formula>.</p>
         <p>Recall that the normal Mann iterative process was introduced by Mann [<abbr bid="B3">3</abbr>] in 1953. The normal Mann iterative process generates a sequence <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i41.gif"/></inline-formula> in the following manner: </p>
         <p>
            <display-formula id="M13">
               <graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i42.gif"/>
            </display-formula>
         </p>
         <p>where the sequence <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i43.gif"/></inline-formula> is in the interval (0,1). If <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i44.gif"/></inline-formula> is a nonexpansive mapping with a fixed point and the control sequence <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i45.gif"/></inline-formula> is chosen so that <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i46.gif"/></inline-formula> then the sequence <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i47.gif"/></inline-formula> generated by normal Mann's iterative process (1.3) converges weakly to a fixed point of <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i48.gif"/></inline-formula> (this is also valid in a uniformly convex Banach space with the Fr&#233;chet differentiable norm [<abbr bid="B4">4</abbr>]). In an infinite-dimensional Hilbert space, the normal Mann iteration algorithm has only weak convergence, in general, even for nonexpansive mappings. Therefore, many authors try to modify normal Mann's iteration process to have strong convergence for nonexpansive mappings (see, e.g., [<abbr bid="B5">5</abbr>&#8211;<abbr bid="B8">8</abbr>] and the references therein).</p>
         <p>Recently, Kim and Xu [<abbr bid="B5">5</abbr>] introduced the following iteration process:</p>
         <p>
            <display-formula id="M14">
               <graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i49.gif"/>
            </display-formula>
         </p>
         <p>where <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i50.gif"/></inline-formula> is a nonexpansive mapping of <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i51.gif"/></inline-formula> into itself and <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i52.gif"/></inline-formula> is a given point. They proved that the sequence <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i53.gif"/></inline-formula> defined by (1.4) converges strongly to a fixed point of <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i54.gif"/></inline-formula> provided the control sequences <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i55.gif"/></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i56.gif"/></inline-formula> satisfy appropriate conditions.</p>
         <p>Concerning a family of nonexpansive mappings it has been considered by many authors. The well-known convex feasibility problem reduces to finding a point in the intersection of the fixed point sets of a family of nonexpansive mappings; see, for example, [<abbr bid="B9">9</abbr>]. The problem of finding an optimal point that minimizes a given cost function over common set of fixed points of a family of nonexpansive mappings is of wide interdisciplinary interest and practical importance (see, e.g., [<abbr bid="B10">10</abbr>]).</p>
         <p>In this paper, we consider the mapping <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i57.gif"/></inline-formula> defined by </p>
         <p>
            <display-formula id="M15">
               <graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i58.gif"/>
            </display-formula>
         </p>
         <p>where <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i59.gif"/></inline-formula> are sequences in <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i60.gif"/></inline-formula>. Such a mapping <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i61.gif"/></inline-formula> is called the <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i62.gif"/></inline-formula>-mapping generated by <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i63.gif"/></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i64.gif"/></inline-formula>. Nonexpansivity of each <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i65.gif"/></inline-formula> ensures the nonexpansivity of <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i66.gif"/></inline-formula>. Moreover, in [<abbr bid="B11">11</abbr>], it is shown that <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i67.gif"/></inline-formula></p>
         <p>Motivated by Atsushiba and Takahashi [<abbr bid="B11">11</abbr>], Kim and Xu [<abbr bid="B5">5</abbr>], and Shang et al. [<abbr bid="B7">7</abbr>], we study the following iterative algorithm:</p>
         <p>
            <display-formula id="M16">
               <graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i68.gif"/>
            </display-formula>
         </p>
         <p>where <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i69.gif"/></inline-formula> is defined by (1.5) and <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i70.gif"/></inline-formula> is given point. We prove, under certain appropriate assumptions on the sequences <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i71.gif"/></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i72.gif"/></inline-formula>, that <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i73.gif"/></inline-formula> defined by (1.6) converges to a common fixed point of the finite family nonexpansive mappings without any commutative assumptions.</p>
         <p>In order to prove our main results, we need the following definitions and lemmas.</p>
         <p>Recall that if <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i74.gif"/></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i75.gif"/></inline-formula> are nonempty subsets of a Banach space <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i76.gif"/></inline-formula> such that <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i77.gif"/></inline-formula> is nonempty closed convex and <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i78.gif"/></inline-formula>, then a map <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i79.gif"/></inline-formula> is sunny (see [<abbr bid="B12">12</abbr>, <abbr bid="B13">13</abbr>]) provided <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i80.gif"/></inline-formula> for all <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i81.gif"/></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i82.gif"/></inline-formula> whenever <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i83.gif"/></inline-formula> A sunny nonexpansive retraction is a sunny retraction, which is also nonexpansive. Sunny nonexpansive retractions play an important role in our argument. They are characterized as follows [<abbr bid="B12">12</abbr>, <abbr bid="B13">13</abbr>]: if <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i84.gif"/></inline-formula> is a smooth Banach space, then <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i85.gif"/></inline-formula> is a sunny nonexpansive retraction if and only if there holds the inequality <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i86.gif"/></inline-formula> for all <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i87.gif"/></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i88.gif"/></inline-formula></p>
         <p>Reich [<abbr bid="B2">2</abbr>] showed that if <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i89.gif"/></inline-formula> is uniformly smooth and <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i90.gif"/></inline-formula> is the fixed point set of a nonexpansive mapping from <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i91.gif"/></inline-formula> into itself, then there is a sunny nonexpansive retraction from <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i92.gif"/></inline-formula> onto <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i93.gif"/></inline-formula> and it can be constructed as follows.</p>
         <p>Lemma 1.1. </p>
         <p>Let <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i94.gif"/></inline-formula> be a uniformly smooth Banach space and let <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i95.gif"/></inline-formula> be a nonexpansive mapping with a fixed point. For each fixed <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i96.gif"/></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i97.gif"/></inline-formula>, the unique fixed point <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i98.gif"/></inline-formula> of the contraction <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i99.gif"/></inline-formula> converges strongly as <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i100.gif"/></inline-formula> to a fixed point of <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i101.gif"/></inline-formula>. Define <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i102.gif"/></inline-formula> by <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i103.gif"/></inline-formula>. Then <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i104.gif"/></inline-formula> is the unique sunny nonexpansive retract from <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i105.gif"/></inline-formula> onto <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i106.gif"/></inline-formula>, that is, <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i107.gif"/></inline-formula> satisfies the property <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i108.gif"/></inline-formula> for all<inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i109.gif"/></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i110.gif"/></inline-formula></p>
         <p>Lemma 1.2 (See [<abbr bid="B14">14</abbr>]). </p>
         <p>Let <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i111.gif"/></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i112.gif"/></inline-formula> be bounded sequences in a Banach space <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i113.gif"/></inline-formula> and let <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i114.gif"/></inline-formula> be a sequence in [0,1] with <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i115.gif"/></inline-formula>. Suppose <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i116.gif"/></inline-formula> for all integers <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i117.gif"/></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i118.gif"/></inline-formula> Then <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i119.gif"/></inline-formula></p>
         <p>Lemma 1.3. </p>
         <p>In a Banach space <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i120.gif"/></inline-formula>, there holds the inequality <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i121.gif"/></inline-formula> for all <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i122.gif"/></inline-formula> where <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i123.gif"/></inline-formula>. </p>
         <p>Lemma 1.4 (See [<abbr bid="B15">15</abbr>]). </p>
         <p>Assume that <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i124.gif"/></inline-formula> is a sequence of nonnegative real numbers such that <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i125.gif"/></inline-formula> where <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i126.gif"/></inline-formula> is a sequence in (0,1) and <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i127.gif"/></inline-formula> is a sequence such that <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i128.gif"/></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i129.gif"/></inline-formula> or <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i130.gif"/></inline-formula> Then <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i131.gif"/></inline-formula></p>
      </sec>
      <sec>
         <st>
            <p>2. Main Results</p>
         </st>
         <p>Theorem 2.1. </p>
         <p>Let <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i132.gif"/></inline-formula> be a closed convex subset of a uniformly smooth and strictly convex Banach space <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i133.gif"/></inline-formula>. Let <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i134.gif"/></inline-formula> be a nonexpansive mapping from <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i135.gif"/></inline-formula> into itself for <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i136.gif"/></inline-formula>. Assume that <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i137.gif"/></inline-formula>. Given a point <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i138.gif"/></inline-formula> and given sequences <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i139.gif"/></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i140.gif"/></inline-formula> in (0,1), the following conditions are satisfied: </p>
         <p/>
         <p indent="1">(i)<inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i141.gif"/></inline-formula><it/></p>
         <p indent="1">(ii)<inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i142.gif"/></inline-formula><it/></p>
         <p indent="1">(iii)<inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i143.gif"/></inline-formula><it/></p>
         <p>Let <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i144.gif"/></inline-formula> be the composite process defined by (1.6). Then <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i145.gif"/></inline-formula> converges strongly to <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i146.gif"/></inline-formula>, where <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i147.gif"/></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i148.gif"/></inline-formula> is the unique sunny nonexpansive retraction from <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i149.gif"/></inline-formula> onto <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i150.gif"/></inline-formula>.</p>
         <p>Proof. </p>
         <p>We divide the proof into four parts.</p>
         <p/>
         <p>Step 1. </p>
         <p>First we observe that sequences <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i151.gif"/></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i152.gif"/></inline-formula> are bounded.</p>
         <p>Indeed, take a point <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i153.gif"/></inline-formula> and notice that </p>
         <p>
            <display-formula id="M21">
               <graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i154.gif"/>
            </display-formula>
         </p>
         <p>It follows that </p>
         <p>
            <display-formula id="M22">
               <graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i155.gif"/>
            </display-formula>
         </p>
         <p>By simple inductions, we have <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i156.gif"/></inline-formula> which gives that the sequence <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i157.gif"/></inline-formula> is bounded, so is <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i158.gif"/></inline-formula>.</p>
         <p/>
         <p/>
         <p>Step 2. </p>
         <p>In this part, we will claim that <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i159.gif"/></inline-formula> as <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i160.gif"/></inline-formula></p>
         <p>Put <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i161.gif"/></inline-formula>. Now, we compute <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i162.gif"/></inline-formula> that is, </p>
         <p>
            <display-formula id="M23">
               <graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i163.gif"/>
            </display-formula>
         </p>
         <p>Observing that </p>
         <p>
            <display-formula id="M24">
               <graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i164.gif"/>
            </display-formula>
         </p>
         <p>we have </p>
         <p>
            <display-formula id="M25">
               <graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i165.gif"/>
            </display-formula>
         </p>
         <p>From the proof of Yao [<abbr bid="B8">8</abbr>], we have </p>
         <p>
            <display-formula id="M26">
               <graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i166.gif"/>
            </display-formula>
         </p>
         <p>where <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i167.gif"/></inline-formula> is an appropriate constant. Substituting (2.6) into (2.5), we have </p>
         <p>
            <display-formula id="M27">
               <graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i168.gif"/>
            </display-formula>
         </p>
         <p>Observing the conditions (i)&#8211;(iii), we get <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i169.gif"/></inline-formula> We can obtain <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i170.gif"/></inline-formula> easily by Lemma 1.2. Observe that (2.3) yields <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i171.gif"/></inline-formula> Therefore, we have </p>
         <p>
            <display-formula id="M28">
               <graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i172.gif"/>
            </display-formula>
         </p>
         <p/>
         <p/>
         <p/>
         <p>Step 3. </p>
         <p>We will prove <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i173.gif"/></inline-formula>.</p>
         <p>Observing that <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i174.gif"/></inline-formula> and the condition (i), we can easily get </p>
         <p>
            <display-formula id="M29">
               <graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i175.gif"/>
            </display-formula>
         </p>
         <p>On the other hand, we have <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i176.gif"/></inline-formula> Combining (2.8) with (2.9), we have </p>
         <p>
            <display-formula id="M210">
               <graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i177.gif"/>
            </display-formula>
         </p>
         <p>Notice that <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i178.gif"/></inline-formula> This implies <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i179.gif"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i180.gif"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i181.gif"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i182.gif"/></inline-formula><inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i183.gif"/></inline-formula> From the condition (iii) and (2.10), we obtain </p>
         <p>
            <display-formula id="M211">
               <graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i184.gif"/>
            </display-formula>
         </p>
         <p/>
         <p/>
         <p/>
         <p>Step 4. </p>
         <p>Finally, we will show <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i185.gif"/></inline-formula> as <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i186.gif"/></inline-formula>.</p>
         <p/>
         <p>First, we claim that </p>
         <p>
            <display-formula id="M212">
               <graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i187.gif"/>
            </display-formula>
         </p>
         <p>where <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i188.gif"/></inline-formula> with <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i189.gif"/></inline-formula> being the fixed point of the contraction <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i190.gif"/></inline-formula> Then <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i191.gif"/></inline-formula> solves the fixed point equation <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i192.gif"/></inline-formula> Thus we have </p>
         <p>
            <display-formula id="M213">
               <graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i193.gif"/>
            </display-formula>
         </p>
         <p>It follows from Lemma 1.3 that </p>
         <p>
            <display-formula id="M214">
               <graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i194.gif"/>
            </display-formula>
         </p>
         <p>where </p>
         <p>
            <display-formula id="M215">
               <graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i195.gif"/>
            </display-formula>
         </p>
         <p>It follows from (2.14) that </p>
         <p>
            <display-formula id="M216">
               <graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i196.gif"/>
            </display-formula>
         </p>
         <p>Letting <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i197.gif"/></inline-formula> in (2.16) and noting (2.15) yield </p>
         <p>
            <display-formula id="M217">
               <graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i198.gif"/>
            </display-formula>
         </p>
         <p>where <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i199.gif"/></inline-formula> is an appropriate constant. Taking <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i200.gif"/></inline-formula> in (2.17), we have </p>
         <p>
            <display-formula id="M218">
               <graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i201.gif"/>
            </display-formula>
         </p>
         <p>On the other hand, we have</p>
         <p>
            <display-formula id="M219">
               <graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i202.gif"/>
            </display-formula>
         </p>
         <p>It follows that </p>
         <p>
            <display-formula id="M220">
               <graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i203.gif"/>
            </display-formula>
         </p>
         <p>Noticing that <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i204.gif"/></inline-formula> is norm-to-norm uniformly continuous on bounded subsets of <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i205.gif"/></inline-formula> and from (2.18), we have <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i206.gif"/></inline-formula> It follows that </p>
         <p>
            <display-formula id="M221">
               <graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i207.gif"/>
            </display-formula>
         </p>
         <p>Hence, (2.12) holds. Now, from Lemma 1.3, we have </p>
         <p>
            <display-formula id="M222">
               <graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i208.gif"/>
            </display-formula>
         </p>
         <p>Applying Lemma 1.4 to (2.22) we have <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i209.gif"/></inline-formula> as <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i210.gif"/></inline-formula><it/></p>
         <p>Remark 2.2. </p>
         <p>Theorem 2.1 improves the results of Kim and Xu [<abbr bid="B5">5</abbr>] from a single nonexpansive mapping to a finite family of nonexpansive mappings.</p>
         <p>Remark 2.3. </p>
         <p>If <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i211.gif"/></inline-formula> is a contraction map and we replace <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i212.gif"/></inline-formula> by <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i213.gif"/></inline-formula> in the recursion formula (1.6), we obtain what some authors now call viscosity iteration method. We note that our theorem in this paper carries over trivially to the so-called viscosity process. Therefore, our results also include Yao et al. [<abbr bid="B16">16</abbr>] as a special case.</p>
         <p>Remark 2.4. </p>
         <p>Our results partially improve Shang et al. [<abbr bid="B7">7</abbr>] from a Hilbert space to a Banach space.</p>
         <p>Remark 2.5. </p>
         <p>If <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i214.gif"/></inline-formula> is a single nonexpansive mapping, then the strict convexity of <inline-formula><graphic file="1687-1812-2008-856145-i215.gif"/></inline-formula> may not be needed.</p>
      </sec>
   </bdy>
   <bm>
      <ack>
         <sec>
            <st>
               <p>Acknowledgment</p>
            </st>
            <p>This paper was supported by the Korea Research Foundation Grant funded by the Korean Government (MOEHRD) (KRF-2007-313-C00040).</p>
         </sec>
      </ack>
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   </bm>
</art>